Caracterización de los pacientes con VIH/sida en Guanabacoa, La Habana / Characterization of HIV or AIDS Patients from Guanabacoa, Havana

Introducción: La infección por VIH es actualmente una pandemia que afecta millones de personas, que provoca complicaciones y la muerte a muchos pacientes. Objetivo: Caracterizar clínica y epidemiológicamente a los pacientes con VIH/sida, pertenecientes al municipio de Guanabacoa, La Habana. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo en el municipio de Guanabacoa, La Habana, en el periodo comprendido entre enero 1986 y diciembre 2019. El universo de estudio quedó conformado por 647 pacientes con diagnóstico de VIH/sida. Las principales variables a medir fueron: edad, sexo, orientación sexual, color de la piel, estado civil y nivel escolar. Resultados: Predominó el sexo masculino sobre el femenino (538 v/s 109), el grupo de edad de 20 -29 años, la homosexualidad (404 pacientes, para un 62,44 por ciento) y el color de piel blanca (51,93 por ciento) y valor p < 0,0001, los solteros (526 pacientes) y los pacientes con nivel escolar de secundaria básica (292 pacientes). Conclusiones: Predominó el sexo masculino, la homosexualidad, el color de piel blanca, los solteros y el nivel escolar de secundaria básica(AU)

Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is currently a pandemic affecting millions of people, causing complications and death to many patients. Objective: To characterize, clinically and epidemiologically, patients with HIV or AIDS in Guanabacoa Municipality, Havana. Methods: A descriptive and retrospective study was carried out in Guanabacoa Municipality, Havana, between January 1986 and December 2019. The study universe consisted of 647 patients diagnosed with HIV or AIDS. The main variables to be measured were age, sex, sexual orientation, skin color, marital status, and school level. Results: There was a predominance of the male sex over the female (538 versus 109), together with the age group 20-29 years, homosexuality (404 patients, 62.44 percent), and the white skin color (51.93 percent); P-value was under 0.0001. There was also a predominance of single patients (526) and patients with junior high school level (292). Conclusions: The male sex, homosexuality, white skin color, single as marriage status, and junior high school level predominated(AU)

Fatores associados ao óbito por HIV/Aids / Factores asociados al fallecimiento por VIH/Sida / Factors associated with death due to HIV/AIDS

Resumo Objetivo Analisar os fatores associados ao óbito em pessoas com HIV/Aids. Método Estudo epidemiológico e analítico, realizado a partir das notificações de HIV/Aids do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, no período de 2009 à 2018. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva, análise de sobrevida via método de Kaplan-Meier e regressão de Cox. Resultados Foram analisadas 8.712 notificações, com taxa de sobrevida de 86% ao longo dos 10 anos. Os fatores associados ao óbito foram:sexo masculino (=1,22; p=0,006), cor da pele parda (=1,30; p=0,012), oito anos ou menos de estudo (=1,57; p=0,000), e possível transmissão sexual mediante relação com mulheres (=2,72; p=0,000) ou com ambos - homens e mulheres (=2,24; p=0,002) e utilização de drogas injetáveis (=2,57; p=0,016). Conclusão Características sociais, culturais e comportamentais podem contribuir para redução da sobrevida das pessoas com HIV/Aids. Esses fatores sinalizam especificidades a serem consideradas no planejamento assistencial e monitoramento dos casos, em especial no que concerne à necessidade de busca ativa, monitoramento contínuo, além de intervenções que envolvam mudanças de comportamento.

Resumen Objetivo Analizar los factores asociados al fallecimiento de personas con VIH/Sida. Método Estudio epidemiológico y analítico, realizado a partir de las notificaciones de VIH/Sida en el estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, en el período de 2009 a 2018. El análisis de los datos se realizó por medio de estadística descriptiva, análisis de sobrevida por el método de Kaplan-Meier y de regresión de Cox. Resultados Se analizaron 8.712 notificaciones, con un índice de sobrevida del 86 % a lo largo de los 10 años. Los factores asociados al fallecimiento fueron: sexo masculino (=1,22; p=0,006), color de piel parda (=1,30; p=0,012), ocho años o menos de estudio (=1,57; p=0,000), y posible transmisión sexual mediante relación con mujeres (=2,72; p=0,000) o con ambos, hombres y mujeres (=2,24; p=0,002), y uso de drogas inyectables (=2,57; p=0,016). Conclusión Características sociales, culturales y de comportamiento pueden contribuir para la reducción de la sobrevida de las personas con VIH/Sida. Esos factores señalan especificidades que se deben considerar en la planificación asistencial y en el monitoreo de los casos, en especial en lo que atañe a la necesidad de la búsqueda activa, el monitoreo continuo e intervenciones que incluyan cambios de comportamiento.

Abstract Objective To analyze the factors associated with death in people with HIV/AIDS. Method This is an epidemiological and analytical study, carried out from the HIV/AIDS notifications of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, from 2009 to 2018. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression. Results A total of 8,712 notifications were analyzed, with a survival rate of 86% over the 10 years. Factors associated with death were: males (=1.22; p=0.006), brown skin color (=1.30; p=0.012), eight years or less of study (=1.57; p=0.000), and possible sexual transmission through intercourse with women (=2.72; p=0.000) or with both men and women (=2.24; p=0.002) and use of injectable drugs (=2.57; p=0.016). Conclusion Social, cultural and behavioral characteristics may contribute to reduce the survival of people with HIV/AIDS. These factors indicate specificities to be considered in care planning and monitoring of cases, especially with regard to the need for an active search, continuous monitoring, in addition to interventions that involve changes in behavior.

Análise da tendência da mortalidade por doenças definidoras e não definidoras de HIV/aids segundo características sociodemográficas, por Unidade da Federação e Brasil, 2000-2018 / Análisis de las tendencias de mortalidad por enfermedades definitorias y no definitorias de VIH/SIDA, según características sociodemográficas por Unidad de la Federación y Brasil, 2000-2018 / Analysis of trend in mortality due to HIV/AIDS-defining and non-HIV/AIDS defining illnesses according to sociodemographic characteristics, by Federative Unit and Brazil, 2000-2018

Objetivo: Analisar a tendência temporal da taxa mortalidade por doenças definidoras e não definidoras de HIV/aids no Brasil entre 2000 e 2018. Métodos: Estudo ecológico de série temporal, com dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade, no Brasil e Unidades da Federação. Utilizou-se a regressão de Prais-Winsten para a análise de tendências, de acordo com taxa de mortalidade geral, sexo, faixa etária, estado civil e raça/cor da pele. Resultados: Foram registrados 237.435 óbitos no período. No país, as doenças definidoras apresentaram taxas mais elevadas (7,4 a 4,4 óbitos/100 mil habitantes no período) que as observadas entre as não definidoras (0,4 a 0,8 óbito/100 mil hab. no período). A mortalidade geral por doenças definidoras foi decrescente (-6,3%; IC95% -8,8;-3,8); e por doenças não definidoras, crescente (11,0%; IC95% 6,5;15,7). Conclusão: Houve mudança no perfil de mortalidade por HIV/aids no decorrer dos anos observados, verificando-se decréscimo de óbitos por doenças definidoras de HIV/aids.

Objetivo: Analizar la tendencia temporal de la tasa de mortalidad por enfermedades definitorias y no definitorias de VIH/SIDA en Brasil entre 2000 y 2018. Métodos: Estudio de serie temporal ecológica con datos del Sistema de Información de Mortalidad de Brasil y Unidades de la Federación. Se utilizó la regresión de Prais-Winsten para analizar las tendencias según tasa de mortalidad general, sexo, grupo de edad, estado civil y raza/color. Resultados: Se registraron 237.435 muertes en el período. En el país, las enfermedades definitorias presentaron tasas superiores (7,4 a 4,4 óbitos/100 mil habitantes en el período) que las observadas entre las enfermedades no definitorias (0,4 a 0,8 óbito/100 mil habitantes en el período). La mortalidad general por enfermedades definitorias estaba disminuyendo (-6,3%; IC95% -8,8;-3,8) y para las enfermedades no definitorias estaba aumentando (11,0%; IC95% 6,5;-15,7). Conclusión: Hubo un cambio en el perfil de mortalidad por VIH/SIDA a lo largo de los años, con una disminución en las muertes por enfermedades definitorias de VIH/SIDA.

Objective: To analyze the temporal trend of mortality rate due to HIV/AIDS defining and non-HIV/AIDS defining illnesses in Brazil between 2000 and 2018. Methods: This was an ecological time series study, using data from the Mortality Information System, in Brazil and the Federative Units. Trend analysis was performed by means of Prais-Winsten regression model, according to overall mortality rate, sex, age group, marital status and race/skin color. Results: A total of 237,435 deaths were recorded in the period. In the country, defining illnesses showed higher rates (7.4 to 4.4 deaths/100,000 inhabitants in the period) than those observed among non-defining diseases (0.4 to 0.8 death/100,000 inhabitants in the period). It could be seen a decrease in overall mortality due to defining diseases (-6.3%; 95%CI -8.8;-3.8); while it increased due to non-defining diseases (11.0%; 95%CI 6.5;15.7). Conclusion: There was a change in HIV/AIDS mortality profile over the years, with a decrease in deaths due to HIV/AIDS-defining diseases.

Descripción de situación epidemiológica del virus inmunodeficiencia humana en Chile durante los años 2016 a 2021 / Description of the epidemiological situation of human immunodeficiency virus in Chile during the years 2016 to 2021

Introducción: El virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) causa una infección que destruye los linfocitos del huésped. Su fase avanzada conlleva al Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida (SIDA) que trae consigo una alta morbimortalidad a nivel mundial, convirtiéndose en una pandemia de gran preocupación para las organizaciones mundiales de salud. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio de carácter observacional, descriptivo, ecológico y longitudinal retrospectivo. Se analizaron los datos del Departamento de Estadísticas de Información de Salud, número de casos confirmados, defunciones ocurridas en la población chilena, por región, entre los años 2016 y 2021 con causa básica de muerte Enfermedad por VIH [SIDA] y la cantidad total de exámenes realizados. Resultados: Se observa un aumento tanto en el número de exámenes realizados como de los casos diagnosticados hasta el año 2019. Respecto a la mortalidad se describe una tendencia decreciente desde el año 2016, con un alza puntual en 2019 tanto a nivel nacional como regional, por rango etario y sexo. A nivel regional se identifican mayores cifras en las macrozonas norte y centro. Discusión: En todas las regiones se evidenció una disminución durante los años 2020 y 2021, posiblemente asociada a un camuflaje en su categorización. La población chilena presenta una mayor tasa de mortalidad en el rango de 40 a 44 años, a diferencia del contexto mundial donde se observa un rango de 55 a 59 años. En causas específicas de mortalidad, se destaca el segundo lugar asociado a tumores malignos siendo importante destacar la necesidad de evidencia enfocada en el diagnóstico temprano de estas patologías.

Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes an infection that destroys host lymphocytes. Its advanced stage leads to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) that brings with it a high morbimortality worldwide, becoming a pandemic of great concern for world health organizations. Materials and Methods: Observational, descriptive, ecological and retrospective longitudinal study. Data from the Department of Health Information Statistics, number of confirmed cases, deaths occurred in the Chilean population, by region, between the years 2016 and 2021 with basic cause of death HIV disease [AIDS] and the total number of tests performed were analyzed. Results: An increase is observed both in the number of examinations performed and cases diagnosed until 2019. Regarding mortality, a decreasing trend is described since 2016, with a punctual increase in 2019 both at national and regional level, by age range and sex. At the regional level, higher figures are identified in the northern and central macro-zones. Discussion: A decrease was evident in all regions during 2020 and 2021, possibly associated with a camouflage in their categorization. The Chilean population presents a higher mortality rate in the range of 40 to 44 years, unlike the world context where a range of 55 to 59 years is observed. In specific causes of mortality, the second place associated with malignant tumors stands out, being important to highlight the need for evidence focused on the early diagnosis of these pathologies.

Perfil epidemiológico de casos notificados de HIV no estado de Goiás / Epidemiological profile of notified HIV cases in the state of Goiás

Objetivo: Descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos casos de Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) notificados no estado de Goiás, por meio de dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos e Notificação (SINAN). Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo observacional, descritivo, de corte transversal, com dados secundários. A população alvo foi constituída de indivíduos diagnosticados com HIV notificados pelo SINAN no estado de Goiás, no período de 2015 a 2019. Resultados: Foram registradas 7.575 notificações para HIV; destas, 79,2% eram homens, 71,1% tinham entre 20 e 39 anos de idade e 42% eram naturais da grande Goiânia. Este estudo demonstrou que entre os anos de 2015 e 2019 ocorreu aumento nas taxas de incidência de HIV. A modalidade de transmissão mais prevalente foi a homossexual. Dos casos analisados, 34% (n=2.598) apresentaram algum sintoma ou doença definidora da Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Humana (AIDS). Cerca de 60 pessoas (0,9%) foram registradas com o status de teste não realizado, inferindo que esses indivíduos foram casos descartados, ou seja, não se tratava de uma infecção por HIV. Considerações finais: É preciso que se desenvolvam políticas públicas de saúde voltadas para essa população, sendo considerados seus fatores sociodemográficos e determinantes sociais, para que medidas apropriadas e efetivas de promoção, prevenção e recuperação da saúde sejam implementadas

Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile of Human immunodeficiency vírus (HIV) cases, notified in the State of Goiás using data from the Diseases Information and Notification System (SINAN). Methodology: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out with secondary data. The target population consisted of individuals diagnosed with HIV notified by SINAN in the State of Goiás, in the period from 2015 to 2019. Results: Were registered 7.575 notifications for HIV, were registered, of these 79.2% were men, 71.1% were between 20 and 39 years old and 42% born in Greater Goiânia. This study demonstrated that between the years 2015 to 2019 there was an increase in HIV incidence rates. The most prevalent mode of transmission was homosexual. Of the cases, 34% (n = 2.598) of the symptoms, some symptom or disease defining AIDS (Human Immunodeficiency Syndrome). About 60 people (0.9%) were registered with the status of a test not performed, inferring that these individuals were discarded cases, that is, it was not an HIV infection. Final considerations: It is necessary to develop public health policies aimed at this population, considering their sociodemographic factors and social determinants, in order to implement appropriate and effective measures for the promotion, prevention and recovery of health

Survival of HIV/AIDS patients treated under ART follow-up at the University hospital, northwest Ethiopia

INTRODUCTION@#The survival of HIV/AIDS patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is determined by a number of factors, including economic, demographic, behavioral, and institutional factors. Understanding the survival time and its trend is crucial to developing policies that will result in changes. The aim of this study was to compare the survival estimates of different subgroups and look into the predictors of HIV/AIDS patient survival.@*METHODS@#A retrospective cohort study of HIV/AIDS patients receiving ART at the University of Gondar teaching hospital was carried out. To compare the survival of various groups, a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify factors influencing HIV/AIDS patient survival rates.@*RESULTS@#In the current study, 5.91% of the 354 HIV/AIDS patients under ART follow-up were uncensored or died. Age (HR = 1.051) and lack of formal education (HR = 5.032) were associated with lower survival rate, whereas family size of one to two (HR = 0.167), three to four (HR = 0.120), no alcoholic consumption (HR = 0.294), no smoking and chat use (HR = 0.101), baseline weight (HR = 0.920), current weight (HR = 0.928), baseline CD4 cell count (HR = 0.990), baseline hemoglobin (HR = 0.800), and no TB diseases were associated with longer survival rate.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Fewer deaths were reported in a study area due to high patient adherence, compared to previous similar studies. Age, educational status, family size, alcohol consumption, tobacco and chat usage, baseline and current weight, baseline CD4 cell count, baseline hemoglobin, and tuberculosis (TB) diseases were all significant predictors of survival of HIV/AIDS patients.

Hallazgos radiológicos de la neumonía por Pneumocystis jirovecii en fallecidos cubanos con VIH/sida / Radiological findings of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in Cuban deceased HIV / AIDS patients

Introducción: La neumonía por Pneumocystis jirovecii (PcP) es una de las enfermedades más frecuentes en los pacientes con VIH/sida y provoca una alta morbilidad y mortalidad. La radiología juega un papel fundamental para su diagnóstico presuntivo. Objetivo: Describir los hallazgos radiológicos de neumonía por Pneumocystis jirovecii en una serie de casos de fallecidos cubanos por VIH/sida, y relacionarlos con el estado inmunológico de los pacientes. Métodos: Se realizó el estudio de una serie de 69 fallecidos por sida con PcP en el Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kourí desde enero de 1996 a enero de 2014. El diagnóstico de la PcP se confirmó por estudios anatomopatológicos mediante la observación de estructuras compatibles con el hongo. Resultados: De los 69 casos del estudio, 57 (82,6 por ciento) presentaron alteraciones en la radiografía de tórax. De ellos, 44 (77,2 por ciento) y 13 (22,8 por ciento) presentaron un patrón radiológico típico y atípico de la PcP, respectivamente. En 12 (17,4 por ciento) fallecidos la radiografía de tórax fue normal. En 76,8 por ciento de los casos se detectó niveles de linfocitos T CD4+ inferior a 200 cél/ 956;L. La relación entre el patrón radiológico y el estado inmunológico de los fallecidos analizados no fue significativa. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos radiológicos descritos en los fallecidos cubanos por sida con PcP son similares a los informados en la literatura internacional. Sin embargo, el diagnóstico de la PcP no debe excluirse en pacientes con radiografías de tórax normales o con patrones atípicos que presenten un cuadro clínico sugestivo de la enfermedad(AU)

Introduction: Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PcP) is one of the most common diseases among HIV / AIDS patients, causing great morbidity and mortality. Radiology plays a fundamental role in its presumptive diagnosis. Objective: Describe the radiological findings of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in a series of Cuban deceased HIV / AIDS patients and relate them to the patients' immune status. Methods: A study was conducted of a series of 69 deceased AIDS patients with PcP at Pedro Kourí Tropical Medicine Institute from January 1996 to January 2014. PcP diagnosis was confirmed through anatomopathological studies based on observation of structures compatible with the fungus. Results: Of the 69 study cases, 57 (82.6 percent) presented alterations in their chest radiographs. Of these, 44 (77.2 percent) and 13 (22.8 percent) followed a typical and atypical radiological pattern, respectively. In 12 deceased patients (17.4 percent) chest radiography was normal. In 76.8 percent of the cases, levels of T CD4+ lymphocytes were below 200 cell/ml. The relationship between the radiological pattern and the immune status of the deceased patients analyzed was not significant. Conclusions: The radiological findings described for Cuban deceased AIDS patients with PcP are similar to those reported in the international literature. However, PcP diagnosis should not be excluded in patients with normal chest radiographs or atypical patterns who present a clinical status suggestive of the disease(AU)

Perfis de mortalidade em pessoas vivendo com HIV/aids: comparação entre o Rio de Janeiro e as demais unidades da federação entre 1999 e 2015 / Mortality profiles among people living with HIV/AIDS: comparison between Rio de Janeiro and other federative units between 1999 and 2015

RESUMO: Introdução: A aparente estabilidade da mortalidade por aids no país na última década encobre uma gama de cenários, com dois terços dos estados apresentando taxa padronizada de mortalidade por aids (TPMA) significativamente acima da média nacional e/ou em tendência ascendente. No Rio de Janeiro, a TPMA vem mantendo-se alta e estável ao longo dos anos; atualmente o estado ocupa a segunda posição no ranking nacional desse indicador. Objetivo: Examinar tendências temporais em causas de óbito na busca de padrões diferenciais que contribuam para o entendimento da mortalidade por aids no estado. Metodologia: Foram analisadas causas de óbito em qualquer campo das declarações de óbito constantes do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM) entre 1999 e 2015 para indivíduos ≥ 15 anos. Doenças cardiovasculares, malignidades não relacionadas à aids, causas externas, diabetes melito e tuberculose foram estabelecidas pela menção ou não de seus códigos conforme a Classificação Estatística Internacional de Doenças e Problemas Relacionados com a Saúde (CID-10) nas declarações de óbito. Modelos lineares generalizados com efeitos mistos foram usados para descrever odds ratios relativas a 1999 e variações anuais médias ajustadas. Resultados: Verificaram-se o aumento proporcional em causas externas e doenças geniturinárias e, sobretudo, o persistente papel desempenhado pela tuberculose, impactando diferencialmente a mortalidade por aids no estado, em um cenário de alta mortalidade por doenças infecciosas. Conclusão: Os achados reforçam a manutenção da tuberculose na mortalidade de pessoas vivendo com HIV/aids (PVHA) no Rio de Janeiro e chamam a atenção para a necessidade de avaliar determinantes individuais atuando na redução da sobrevida desses pacientes, de forma a aprimorar o programa de controle do HIV/aids no estado.

ABSTRACT: Introduction: The trend toward stabilization regarding the AIDS epidemic in Brazil over the past decade hides a very complex scenario, where two-thirds of the Brazilian federative units exhibit AIDS standardized mortality rates (ASMR) significantly above the national average and/or in upward tendency. ASMR in Rio de Janeiro State remains virtually unchanged over the years; the state currently occupies the second position in the national ranking of this indicator. Objective: To assess temporal trends in causes of death searching for differential profiles that could be useful for understanding mortality among patients with HIV in the state. Methodology: Causes of death were analyzed in any field of the death certificates from the Mortality Information System between 1999 and 2015 for individuals ≥ 15 years of age. Cardiovascular diseases, non-AIDS-related cancers, external causes, diabetes mellitus, and tuberculosis were established by the mention or not of their codes according to the 10th edition of International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) in death certificates. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to describe odds ratios in relation to 1999 and adjusted mean annual variations. Results: The results point to the emerging role of external causes and genitourinary diseases and the persistent role played by tuberculosis, differentially affecting AIDS mortality in the state, in a scenario of high mortality due to infectious diseases. Conclusion: These data suggest that tuberculosis remains a major cause of death among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Rio de Janeiro, highlighting the need for studies that identify individual-level factors impacting their survival, thus improving local HIV/AIDS control measures.

Tendência temporal dos casos de HIV/aids no estado de Minas Gerais, 2007 a 2016 / Tendencia temporal de los casos de VIH/sida en el estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, 2007-2016 / Temporal trend of HIV/AIDS cases in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, 2007-2016

Objetivo: analisar a tendência temporal dos coeficientes de incidência, detecção e mortalidade pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) e síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida (aids) no estado de Minas Gerais, de 2007 a 2016. Métodos: estudo de séries temporais, com dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan), por regressão de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: no período estudado, foram notificados 35.349 casos,entre os quais predominou a transmissão por via sexual (81,7%); destes, 50,3% foram entre heterossexuais e 22,8% entre homossexuais. Houve aumento da taxa de incidência de aids (variação anual 1,6%; IC95%0,0;3,3) e de detecção de HIV+ (variação anual 60,3%; IC95%22,9;109,0). A taxa de mortalidade foi estacionária. O percentual de notificações pelo critério HIV+ aumentou de 3,8% em 2007 para 65,1% em 2016. Conclusão: a tendência de crescimento da detecção de HIV coincide com a estratégia para identificação dos casos; a incidência de aids foi crescente.

Objetivo: analizar la tendencia temporal de los coeficientes de incidencia, detección y mortalidad por el Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH) y Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida (Sida) en el estado de Minas Gerais, entre 2007-2016. Métodos: estudio de las series temporales de casos notificados del Sistema de Información de Agravamientos de Notificación (Sinan) por la regresión de Prais-Winsten. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva y análisis de series temporales. Resultados: había 35.349 casos y predominio de contaminación por vía sexual (81,7%), en heterosexuales (50,3%) y homosexuales (22,8%). Aumentó la tendencia de la incidencia de sida y detección de VIH +, con variación anual del 1,6% y del 60,3% (p <0,05), respectivamente. La mortalidad fue estacionaria. Aumentaron las notificaciones por el criterio de VIH +. Conclusión: el aumento de la tendencia de detección de VIH +, indica que la estrategia para identificación de portadores se ha mostrado apropiada, pero la incidencia de sida continua creciente.

Objective: to analyze the temporal trend of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) incidence, detection and mortality coefficients in the state of Minas Gerais between 2007 and 2016. Methods: this was a time series study of data held on the Notifiable Health Conditions Information System (Sinan) using Prais-Winsten regression. Results: in the period studied, 35,349 cases were notified, with predominance of sexually transmitted cases (81.7%), 50.3% of which were heterosexual cases and 22.8% were homosexual cases. AIDS incidence increased (annual change 1.6%; 95%CI 0.0;3.3) as did HIV detection (annual change 60.3%; 95%CI 22.9;109.0). The mortality rate was stationary; HIV+ notifications increased from 3.8% in 2007 to 65.1% in 2016. Conclusion: the growing trend of HIV+ detection coincided with the government strategy to identify cases. AIDS incidence increased.

La mortalidad por VIH en las jurisdicciones sanitarias de México de 1990 a 2015 / HIV mortality in sanitary districts of Mexico from 1990 to 2015

Resumen: Objetivo: Analizar la distribución y tendencias de la mortalidad por VIH en las jurisdicciones sanitarias (JS) de México. Material y métodos: Se calcularon las tasas estandarizadas de mortalidad utilizando las cifras oficiales de defunciones (Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía) y estimaciones de población (Consejo Nacional de Población). Se analizó la magnitud, distribución y tendencias de la mortalidad por VIH a nivel nacional, por entidad federativa y JS utilizando el modelo de regresión JoinPoint. Resultados: De 2008 a 2015, la mortalidad por VIH disminuyó más de 20%. En las 25 JS con mayor mortalidad por VIH reside 11% de la población nacional, pero concentra 28.6% de las muertes, con el doble o triple de la mortalidad nacional. Conclusiones: Se identificaron las 25 JS en donde deben focalizarse las acciones para reducir la mortalidad por VIH. Por primera vez se analizó un problema de salud en todas las JS mexicanas.

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the distribution and trends of HIV mortality in the Sanitary Districts (JS) of Mexico. Materials and methods: To calculate crude and standardized mortality rates, official figures of deaths fromInstituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografíaand population estimates fromConsejo Nacional de Poblaciónwere used. Magnitude, distribution and trends of HIV mortality were analyzed, at the national level, by state and JS, using JoinPoint regression model. Results: From 2008 to 2015, HIV mortality decreased by more than 20%. In the 25 JS with highest mortality, live 11% of the national population, but concentrated 28.6% of the total HIV death, with mortality rates two or more fold than national rate. Conclusions: We identified the 25 JS where actions to reduce HIV mortality in Mexico should be focused. For first time a health problem was analyzed in all JS of Mexico.

A multivariate prognostic score for predicting mortality of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients with Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure and Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia

Background Severe hypoxemic respiratory failure (SHRF) due to Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP) in AIDS patients represents the main cause of admission and mortality in respiratory intensive care units (RICUs) in low- and middle-income countries. Objective The objective of this study was to develop a predictive scoring system to estimate the risk of mortality in HIV/AIDS patients with PJP and SHRF. Methods We analyzed data of patients admitted to the RICU between January 2013 and January 2018 with a diagnosis of HIV infection and PJP. Multivariate logistic regression and Kaplan–Meier method were used in data analysis. The RICU and inhospital mortality were 25% and 26%, respectively. Multivariate analysis identified four independent predictors: body mass index, albumin, time to ICU admission, and days of vasopressor support. A predictive scoring system was derived and validated internally. The discrimination was 0.869 (95% confidence interval: 0.821-0.917) and calibration intercept (α) and slope (β) were 0.03 and 0.99, respectively. The sensitivity was 47.2%, specificity was 84.6%, positive predictive value was 89.2%, and negative predictive value was 82.6%. Conclusions This scoring system is a potentially useful tool to assist clinicians, in low- and medium-income countries, in estimating the RICU and inhospital mortality risk in patients with HIV/AIDS and SHRF caused by PJP.

Forma atípica de presentación del linfoma no Hodgkin en un paciente con sida / Atypical presentation of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a patient with AIDS

El linfoma no Hodgkin es la segunda neoplasia más frecuente en pacientes con sida. Sus formas clínicas sistémicas asociadas con el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana casi siempre tienen un alto grado una malignidad. La participación del sistema nervioso central es un hecho frecuente en pacientes con este tipo de linfoma. El objetivo es describir una forma atípica de presentación del linfoma no Hodgkin en un paciente con sida. Se informa acerca de un paciente de 28 años, VIH positivo, con linfoma no Hodgkin de células grandes B difuso que se presentó con parálisis aislada del III par craneal como principal manifestación inicial, la enfermedad progresó rápidamente y en pocos días tuvo un desenlace fatal. Se concluye que es necesario considerar el diagnóstico de linfoma no Hodgkin en pacientes con sida y parálisis del III par craneal, para de esta forma realizar un diagnóstico temprano e iniciar tratamiento oportuno debido a la rápida evolución y mal pronóstico de la enfermedad(AU)

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is the second most common neoplasm in patients with AIDS. Its systemic clinical forms associated with the human immunodeficiency virus almost always have a high degree of malignancy. Involvement of the central nervous system is a frequent occurrence in patients with this type of lymphoma. The purpose of the study is to describe an atypical presentation of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a patient with AIDS. A case is reported of a male 28-year-old HIV-positive patient with diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who presented with isolated cranial nerve III palsy as the main initial manifestation. The disease progressed rapidly and had a fatal outcome some days later. It is concluded that it is necessary to consider the diagnosis of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in patients with AIDS and cranial nerve III palsy, in order to make an early diagnosis and initiate timely treatment, in view of the rapid evolution and poor prognosis of the disease.(AU)

Factors associated with mortality in HIV patients failing antiretroviral therapy, in Salvador, Brazil

ABSTRACT Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has significantly improved survival of people living with HIV/Aids (PLWHA). However, poor treatment adherence to HAART and other problems, still cause therapy failure and contribute to increased morbidity and mortality of PLWHA. In this retrospective cohort study (2013-2015), we sought to evaluate the factors associated with mortality of PLWHA failing HAART in 2013, who were receiving care at a reference center for sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and HIV/AIDS. A total of 165 individuals over 18 years of age who were failing antiretroviral therapy were evaluated. In two-year follow-up, 19 (11.5%) deaths were documented. There were a significant association between mortality and report of illicit drug use (53%, p < 0.01), being attended by a larger number of medical professionals (6.3 ± 3.2, p = 0.02), use of firstline non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (74%, p = 0.01), and history of interrupting HAART ≥3 months (90%), p = 0.02). Patients who died had a significantly higher viral load (mean 49,192.4 ± 35,783.6 copies/mL) than survivors (26,389.2 ± 27,416 copies/mm3, p < 0.01), lower mean CD4 cell counts (127.8 ± 145.6 cells/mm3 vs. 303.3 ± 202.4 cells/mm3, p < 0.01), and higher frequency of previous virologic failure (89% vs. 74.7%, p < 0.01). Our results reinforce the importance of early detection and prevention of virologic failure, to reduce the mortality associated with this event.

Epidemiological aspects of HIV infection and AIDS among indigenous populations / Aspectos epidemiológicos da infecção pelo HIV e da aids entre povos indígenas

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To describe the epidemiological aspects of HIV infection and AIDS among indigenous peoples of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. METHODS This is a descriptive epidemiological study on the occurrence and distribution of HIV infection and AIDS in the indigenous population assisted by the Distrito Sanitário Especial Indígena (Indigenous Special Health District) Mato Grosso do Sul between 2001 and 2014, based on three secondary databases. Annual rates of HIV and AIDS detection and prevalence were calculated, considering case distribution according to village, Health Base Pole and sociodemographic variables. Accumulated rates of detection, mortality and case fatality were calculated by ethnic group and for the Health Base Pole with the highest number of cases. RESULTS The HIV detection rate fluctuated between 0.0 and 18.0/100 thousand people in the study period. For AIDS, there was no notification before 2007, but in 2012 its rate reached 16.6/100 thousand. HIV prevalence grew between 2001 and 2011, and it continuously grew for AIDS starting from 2007. The highest HIV detection rates occurred among Guarani peoples (167.1/100 thousand) and for AIDS, among the Kaiowá peoples (79.3/100 thousand); mortality and fatality rates were higher among the Kaiowá. Regarding the Dourados Health Base Pole, the AIDS detection rate increased, and the mortality and fatality rates decreased. CONCLUSIONS HIV infection and AIDS have been increasing among indigenous peoples, with distribution of the disease mainly in the Health Base Poles of the southern region of the state, where greater economic and social vulnerability are also observed. The endemic character of HIV and AIDS can become epidemic in some years given the existence of cases in other villages in the state. Its occurrence among the Guarani and Kaiowá populations indicates the need for expanded diagnosis, access to treatment and prevention measures.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Descrever os aspectos epidemiológicos da infecção pelo HIV e da aids entre povos indígenas do Mato Grosso do Sul. MÉTODOS Estudo epidemiológico descritivo sobre ocorrência e distribuição da infecção pelo HIV e aids na população indígena assistida pelo Distrito Sanitário Especial Indígena Mato Grosso do Sul, entre 2001 e 2014, a partir de três bases de dados secundários. Calcularam-se as taxas anuais de detecção e de prevalência de HIV e aids, com distribuição dos casos segundo aldeia, Polo Base e variáveis sociodemográficas. As taxas acumuladas de detecção, mortalidade e letalidade foram calculadas por etnia e para os Polos Base com o maior número de casos. RESULTADOS A taxa de detecção de HIV flutuou entre 0,0 e 18,0/100 mil pessoas no período. Para a aids, não houve notificação antes de 2007, mas em 2012 sua taxa chegou a 16,6/100 mil. A prevalência de HIV indicou crescimento entre 2001 e 2011, e para a aids observou-se aumento contínuo a partir de 2007. As maiores taxas de detecção de HIV ocorreram entre os Guarani (167,1/100 mil) e de aids, entre os Kaiowá (79,3/100 mil); as taxas de mortalidade e letalidade foram superiores entre os Kaiowá. Para o Polo Base de Dourados, observou-se elevação da taxa de detecção de aids e diminuição das taxas de mortalidade e letalidade. CONCLUSÕES A infecção pelo HIV e a aids mostraram-se crescentes entre povos indígenas, com distribuição da doença principalmente nos Polos Base da região sul do estado, onde observa-se também maior vulnerabilidade econômica e social. O caráter endêmico do HIV e da aids pode se tornar epidêmico em alguns anos, considerando a existência de casos em outras aldeias do estado. Sua ocorrência entre os Guarani e Kaiowá sinaliza a necessidade de ampliação do diagnóstico, do acesso ao tratamento e de medidas de prevenção.

Sobrevida de pacientes com aids e associação com escolaridade e raça/cor da pele no Sul e Sudeste do Brasil: estudo de coorte, 1998-1999 / Sobrevida de pacientes con sida y asociación con escolaridad y raza/color de la piel en el Sur y Sudeste de Brasil: estudio de cohorte de 1998-1999 / Survival of patients with AIDS and association with level of education level and race/skin color in South and Southeast Brazil: a cohort study, 1998-1999

Objetivo: analisar a sobrevida de pessoas com aids e sua associação com escolaridade e raça/cor da pele. Métodos: coorte de diagnosticados entre 1998 e 1999, nas regiões Sul e Sudeste do Brasil, com análise de sobrevida (método de Kaplan--Meier), estratificada por escolaridade e raça/cor da pele; a análise multivariada foi realizada mediante regressão de Cox. Resultados: foram incluídas 2.091 pessoas com sobrevida em 60 meses, a percentuais de 65% entre brancos e 62% entre pretos/pardos; o uso irregular de antirretrovirais (HR=11,2 - IC95%8,8;14,2) e a idade ≥60 anos (HR=2,5 - IC95%1,4;4,4) foram relacionados com menor sobrevida; escolaridade >8 anos (HR=0,4 - IC95%0,3;0,6) e sexo feminino (HR=0,6 - IC95%0,5;0,8) relacionaram-se positivamente com sobrevida; os menos escolarizados tiveram sobrevida menor. Conclusão: menor escolaridade sobrepôs-se às diferenças de raça/cor da pele, quando relacionada à sobrevida; tais desigualdades explicaram as diferenças observadas, mesmo com políticas de acesso universal aos antirretrovirais.

Objetivo: analizar la sobrevida de personas con sida y su asociación con escolaridad y raza/color de la piel. Métodos: cohorte de diagnosticados entre 1998 y 1999, en las regiones Sur y Sudeste de Brasil, con análisis de supervivencia (Kaplan-Meier), estratificados por educación y raza/color de la piel; el análisis multivariante se realizó con regresión de Cox. Resultados: fueron incluidas 2.091 personas con sobrevida de 60 meses, a porcentuales de 65% entre blancos y 62% entre negros/pardos; el uso irregular de antirretrovirales (HR=11,2 - IC95%8,8;14,2) y la edad ≥60 años (HR=2,5 - IC95%1,4;4,4) se relacionaron con una menor sobrevida; escolaridad >8 años (HR=0,4 - IC95%0,3;0,6) y sexo femenino (HR=0,6 - IC95%0,5;0,8) se relacionaron positivamente con sobrevida; los menos escolarizados tuvieron sobrevida menor. Conclusión: menor escolaridad se superpuso a las diferencias de raza/color de la piel referida, cuando relacionada a la supervivencia; tales desigualdades explicaron las diferencias observadas, aún con políticas de acceso universal a antirretrovirales.

Objective: to analyze the survival of people with AIDS and association with schooling and race/skin color. Methods: this was a retrospective cohort study of people diagnosed with AIDS between 1998 and 1999, in the South and Southeast regions of Brazil. We used survival analysis (Kaplan-Meier method), stratified by schooling and race/skin color and multivariate analysis was performed using Cox regression. Results: the study included 2,091 people who had survived at 60 months, with 65% survival among White participants and 62% among Black/brown participants. Irregular use of antiretroviral (HR=11.2 - 95%CI8.8;14.2), and age ≥60 years (HR=2.5 - 95%CI1.4;4.4) were related to lower survival; schooling >8 years (HR=0.4 - 95%CI0.3;0.6) and being female (HR=0.6 - 95%CI0.5;0.8) were positively related to survival; those with less schooling had lower survival. Conclusion: lower schooling levels overlap race/skin color differences in relation to survival; these inequalities explain the differences found, despite the policies on universal access to antiretroviral.

Risk of HIV and associated factors among infants born to HIV-positive women in northwest Ethiopia

Background: The high rate of HIV morbidity and mortality among pregnant and lactating women, and their infants, is still major health problem in Ethiopia. This study aims to assess the risk and determinants of mother-tochild transmission of HIV among infants born from HIV-positive mothers in West Gojjam Zone, northwestEthiopia.Methods: A facility-based, cross-sectional study was carried at prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) clinics in West Gojjam Zone. The study participants were HIV-exposed infants enrolled at PMTCT clinics from 01 January to 30 December 2017 who had a recorded DNA-PCR result. The data sources were PMTCT logbooks and patient charts. Data were entered into Epi Info (version 7) and analyzed using SPSS (version 20.0). Both bivariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to identify associations.Results: A total of 636 infant records were included in the study. There were 39 cases (6.1%, 95% CI: 4.2, 8.2) of transmission of HIV from mother to child. Home delivery (AOR = 4.0, 95% CI: 1.5, 12), infant not receiving antiretroviral prophylaxis at birth (AOR =5.0, 95% CI: 1.6, 17.1), episiotomy (AOR = 5.1, 95% CI: 1.9, 15.1), andmixed infant feeding practices (AOR = 6.0, 95% CI: 2.1, 16.4) were significantly associated with mother-to-child transmission of HIV in the study.Conclusions and recommendations: The risk of HIV infection among infants born from HIV-positive mothers was high. Predictors for mother-to-child transmission of HIV were episiotomy, home delivery, mixed feeding and absence of antiretroviral prophylaxis at birth

Acute kidney injury and other factors associated with mortality in hiv-infected patients

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: HIV-related mortality is still high, especially in developed countries. The aim of this study is to investigate factors associated to death in HIV-infected patients. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study with all HIV adult patients admitted to a tertiary infectious diseases hospital in Fortaleza, Northeast Brazil, from January 2013 to December 2014. Patients were divided into two groups: survivors and non-survivors. Demo-graphical, clinical and laboratory data were compared and a logistic regression was performed in order to investigate risk factors for death. P values ≤0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 200 patients with mean age of 39 years were including in the study, 69.5% males. Fifteen patients (7.5%) died. Non-survivors presented a higher percentage of males (93.3 vs. 67.3%, p = 0.037). Non-survivors presented AKI (73.3 vs. 10.3%, p < 0.001), liver dysfunction (33.3 vs. 11.5, p = 0.031), dyspnea (73.3 vs. 33.0%, p = 0.002) and disorientation (33.3 vs. 12.4%, p = 0.025) more frequently. Non-survivors also had higher levels of urea (73.8 ± 52.7vs. 36.1 ± 29.1 mg/dL, p < 0.001), creatinine (1.98 ± 1.65 vs. 1.05 ± 1.07 mg/dL, p < 0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (130.8 vs. 84.8 U/L, p = 0.03), alanine aminotransferase (115.6 vs. 85.4 U/L, p = 0.045) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (1208 vs. 608 U/L, p = 0.012), as well as lower levels of bicarbonate (18.0 ± 4.7 vs. 21.6 ± 4.6 mEq/L, p = 0.016) and PCO2 (27.8 ± 7.7 vs. 33.0 ± 9.3 mmHg, p = 0.05). In multivariate analysis, disorientation (p = 0.035, OR = 5.523, 95%CI = 1.130 - 26.998), dyspnoea (p = 0.046, OR = 4.064, 95%CI = 1.028 - 16.073), AKI (p < 0.001, OR = 18.045, 95%CI = 4.308 - 75.596) and disseminated histoplasmosis (p = 0.016, OR = 12.696, 95%CI = 1.618 - 99.646) and LDH > 1000 U/L (p = 0.038, OR = 4.854, 95%CI = 1.093 - 21.739) were risk factors for death.]CONCLUSION: AKI and disseminated histoplasmosis (DH) were the main risk factors for death in the studied population. Neurologic and respiratory impairment as well as higher levels of LDH also increased mortality in HIV-infected patients.

RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO: A mortalidade relacionada ao HIV ainda é alta, especialmente nos países em desenvolvimento. O objetivo deste estudo é investigar os fatores associados ao óbito em pacientes com HIV. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo transversal com todos os pacientes com HIV admitidos consecutivamente em um hospital terciário de doenças infecciosas em Fortaleza, Nordeste do Brasil, entre janeiro de 2013 e dezembro de 2014. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: sobreviventes e não sobreviventes. Dados demográficos, clínicos e laboratoriais foram comparados e análise de regressão logística foi feita para investigação dos fatores de risco para óbito. RESULTADOS: Um total de 200 pacientes, com média de idade de 39 anos, foi incluído no estudo, sendo 69,5% do sexo masculino. Óbito ocorreu em 15 pacientes (7,5%). Os não sobreviventes apresentaram maior percentual de homens (93,3 vs. 67,3%, p = 0,037) e um menor tempo de internação (8 ± 6 vs. 18 ± 15 dias, p = 0,005). Na análise multivariada, desorientação (p = 0,035, OR = 5,523), dispneia (p = 0,046, OR = 4,064), LRA (p < 0,001, OR = 18,045), histoplasmose disseminada (p = 0,016, OR = 12,696) e desidrogenase lática (LDH) > 1.000 U/L (p = 0,038, OR = 4,854) foram fatores de risco para óbito. CONCLUSÕES: LRA e histoplasmose disseminada foram os principais fatores de risco para óbito na população estudada. Distúrbios neurológicos e respiratórios, bem como níveis elevados de LDH, também estiveram associados com o aumento da mortalidade em pacientes com HIV.

Evaluation of inflammatory biomarkers, carotid intima-media thickness and cardiovascular risk in HIV-1 treatment-naive patients

Abstract INTRODUCTION Mortality among HIV patients is 3-15 times higher than that among the general population. Currently, most deaths are due to non-infectious diseases. Chronic inflammation and adverse events due to antiretroviral therapy play crucial roles in increasing cardiovascular risk (CVR). METHODS: This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and inflammatory biomarkers (D-dimer, ADAMTS13, GDF-15, sICAM-1, MPO, myoglobin, NGAL, SAA, sVCAM-1, and p-selectin) among naïve patients. RESULTS: Sixty-seven participants were included: median age, 32 years; males, 82.1%; non-white, 61.1%; higher education level, 62.7%; and exposed to HIV through sexual relationship (men who have sex with men), 68.7%. The median viral load and LTCD4+ value were 42,033 copies/mL and 426 cells/mm³. The prevalence of arterial hypertension was 16.4%; those of diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia were 3% and 70.1%, respectively. The CIMT was 494.08 (± 96.84mm). The mean vascular age was 33.2 ± 18.9 years, one year longer than the chronological age, without statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS The majority of participants had a low CVR (94%). After reclassification, considering the CIMT percentiles, 13 (19.4%) patients had medium/ high CVR, while 54 (80.6%) patients had low CVR. The difference between the proportions of CVR when considering the CIMT and its corresponding percentile was statistically relevant. Body mass index was the only predictor of higher CVR (p = 0.03). No biomarker was found to predict CVR. People living with HIV have a high prevalence of dyslipidemia before ARV therapy.

Predictors of mortality among intensive care unit patients coinfected with tuberculosis and HIV / Preditores de mortalidade em pacientes da unidade de terapia intensiva coinfectados por tuberculose e HIV

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify factors predictive of mortality in patients admitted to the ICU with tuberculosis (TB)/HIV coinfection in the Manaus, Amazon Region. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of TB/HIV coinfected patients over 18 years of age who were admitted to an ICU in the city of Manaus, Brazil, between January of 2011 and December of 2014. Sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory variables were assessed. To identify factors predictive of mortality, we employed a Cox proportional hazards model. Results: During the study period, 120 patients with TB/HIV coinfection were admitted to the ICU. The mean age was 37.0 ± 11.7 years. Of the 120 patients evaluated, 94 (78.3%) died and 62 (66.0%) of those deaths having occurred within the first week after admission. Data on invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and ARDS were available for 86 and 67 patients, respectively Of those 86, 75 (87.2%) underwent IMV, and, of those 67, 48 (71.6%) presented with ARDS. The factors found to be independently associated with mortality were IMV (p = 0.002), hypoalbuminemia (p = 0.013), and CD4 count < 200 cells/mm3 (p = 0.002). Conclusions: A high early mortality rate was observed among TB/HIV coinfected ICU patients. The factors predictive of mortality in this population were IMV, hypoalbuminemia, and severe immunosuppression.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar fatores preditores de mortalidade em pacientes da UTI coinfectados por tuberculose (TB)/HIV em Manaus (AM). Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo de coorte com pacientes coinfectados por TB/HIV, com mais de 18 anos de idade e admitidos na UTI entre janeiro de 2011 e dezembro de 2014. Foram avaliadas variáveis sociodemográficas, clínicas e laboratoriais. Para identificar fatores preditores de mortalidade, foi empregado um modelo de riscos proporcionais de Cox. Resultados: Durante o período estudado, 120 pacientes com coinfecção por TB/HIV foram admitidos na UTI. A média de idade foi de 37,0 ± 11,7 anos. Dos 120 pacientes avaliados, 94 (78,3%) morreram; dos 94 óbitos, 62 (66,0%) ocorreram na primeira semana após a admissão. Havia dados sobre ventilação mecânica invasiva (VMI) e SARA referentes a 86 e 67 pacientes, respectivamente. Dos 86, 75 (87,2%) foram submetidos a VMI, e, dos 67, 48 (71,6%) apresentaram SARA. Os fatores que se relacionaram independentemente com a mortalidade foram VMI (p = 0,002), hipoalbuminemia (p = 0,013) e contagem de CD4 < 200 células/mm3 (p = 0,002). Conclusões: Elevada mortalidade precoce foi observada em pacientes com coinfecção por TB/HIV admitidos na UTI. Os fatores preditores de mortalidade nessa população foram VMI, hipoalbuminemia e imunodepressão grave.